Disadvantage of Facebook Essay

Presently it’s time to discuss a few inconveniences of Facebook. There are a few Disadvantages of Facebook adjacent to these numerous points of interest. A portion of these hindrances are : â€Â Facebook is Addicting! Facebook is an excessive amount of compelling! Facebook is excessively too compelling! Truly it is in fact irresistible which regularly kills your important time. Utilizing Facebook for your need isn't terrible yet when you burn through the greater part of your significant time than it turns out to be awful. The greatest impediments of Facebook is it’s fixation which causes numerous issues. â€Â Fake profile and ID! Counterfeit profile is one of the greatest drawback of Facebook. Presently it has gotten simpler to make counterfeit profile. Individuals regularly utilizes counterfeit profile to affronts or badgering somebody. It is progressively basic against young ladies where individuals basically makes a phony profile and begin pestering them. In my nation I have news that a few young ladies kicked the bucket y self destruction when somebody manhandled her by making a phony profile of her. â€Â There are a lot of gatherings and Fan pages out there which is being made to mishandle or damage other religion , characters , country and so on. This sort of supremacist appalling exercises diminishing some prevalence. Facebook chairman should make essential strides against all these manhandling bunches and pages. â€Â Facebook frequently welcomes terrible consequences for understudies results. Understudies who are Facebook dependent does a terrible outcome on their tests. â€Â Beside understudies, individuals who works in workplaces burns through their time in perusing Facebook. That’s why numerous workplaces has chosen to square Facebook totally. â€Â False report! Numerous individuals lost their valuable Facebook ID in view of bogus report. Facebook head ought to be cautious on that.

The importance of employer branding

The significance of boss marking Terms of references This report features the rising mindfulness for the improvement of Employer Branding idea and its advantages for the associations in present serious work advertise. The contention between viable business marking and workers rights and fulfillment toward association has been analyzed in this report with explicit spotlight on the deceptive and controlling impact. Presentation: Boss marking is the impression of representatives about an association as a work environment. Its intended for spurring and protecting workers arrangement with the vision and estimations of the associations. From the HR point of view the idea was subsumed the more seasoned term INTERNAL BRANDING that was basically the way toward imparting an associations brand an incentive to its representative. Manager marking The idea of EMPLOYER BRANDING was made during the 1990s by Simon Barrow, who established People in Business (presently part of TMP Worldwide) and was the co-creator of The Employer Brand. 1 previously, Barrow had been a customer merchandise brand supervisor and headed up a publicizing organization in London, however later turned into the CEO of an enrollment office. He was quickly struck by the similitudes between the difficulties looked in advancing buyer products and in publicizing the qualities of an associations representative recommendation. Both, he perceived, required a solid brand, thus the idea of manager marking was considered. He characterized boss marking as a lot of traits which cause the representatives to feel all the more near the organization and invest heavily of being related with the organization they work for. Manager marking is basically the psychological arrangement of a worker where the person gets mental fulfillment in a similar way as when the individual in question utilizes a result of a favored brand. Manager marking is along these lines a lot of mentalities, just as a variety of exercises and highlights empowering the way toward marking to be progressively powerful. They could be mental (conduct of bosses), monetary (remuneration bundle, benefits) or practical (potential to develop, work alloted as indicated by ability). These definitions demonstrate that business marking implies advancing and assembling a personality and an away from of what makes an association extraordinary and attractive as a business. It has likenesses with item and corporate marking however the key contrast is its greater business explicit. Enlistment and business marking Building up a business brand is a blend of embracing vision, qualities, and practices, and conveying a help that demonstrates responsibility to best practice and administration greatness. It starts with the enlistment procedure that offers number of instruments that can be utilized to make impression of an utilizing association, these apparatuses are: Occupation ad and portrayal Meeting process Offer letters Data pack for new enrollment specialists Worker handbooks Acceptance and preparing. The enrollment procedure is a significant method to fabricate a positive connection between the association and worker. All through the method, the association can make a solid and positive view about them; even it very well may be stretched out to ineffective competitors also. At the point when workers have acknowledged the genuineness and precision of the business brand, they will convey it forward, effectively elevating the brand to partners and clients. In any case, manager marking which is essentially untruthful won't work and is probably going to be counter-profitable. Advantages of Employer Branding Long haul sway: Successful business brand can positively affect enlisting for a lot of time while considering any Major PR issues. Expanded volume of unconstrained competitors: The quantity of candidates will in general increment every year as the business marking gets more grounded. Instances of a 500% expansion of utilizations have likewise been watched. Increment in nature of the candidates: The nature of applicants will likewise improve drastically; people who could never have considered in the past will begin applying. Higher offer-acknowledgment rates: The pace of acknowledgment increment proportionately with the expansion of picture and generosity of the organization. Higher Employee Motivation: Employees can be effectively spurred, or will remain persuaded longer in the organization as a result of the apparent pride in working for the organization, and better administration rehearses (by and large) that is connected to the companys brand picture, along these lines making it an organization people work for in light of the fact that they picked. A more grounded corporate culture: Employment marking can help fortify firms corporate culture due to the dormancy it gains from the very pith of manager marking; making an organization alluring to work for. Reduced negative exposure and picture: Effective marking can pinpoint issues by managing negative remarks and getting ready successful counter measurers. Expanded director fulfillment: As an immediate consequence of expanded enthusiasm from increasingly capable and capable candidates, the chiefs will possess more energy for administrative capacities as the interest to dedicate more opportunity to enrollment procedure will diminish with the nature of the candidate gathering. Solid rivalry: Employer marking is like item marking. Subsequently to stay with an attractive, it needs to refresh its UPS and stay aware of its guarantee of conveyance. This increments sound rivalry and furthermore improves the organizations constantly. Expanded investor esteem: The far reaching influence of the companys altruism through manager marking can likewise emphatically affect an organizations stock cost. Backing for the item brand: If an organization has a splendid brand picture, all things considered, its item will receive its rewards and be marked consequently. This aides particularly when the organization dispatches another item. The brand embodiment ought to sum up what the brand rely on, turning into the core for item improvement, all interchanges and even HR activities for representatives. Its definition ought to likewise be steady with the corporate vision/strategic qualities. For instance, Volvo is a genuine case of a brand portrayal is Volvo â€Å"Style, driving joy and prevalent proprietorship experience while praising human qualities and regarding the environment.† Volvos qualities and affiliations mirroring this brand character are what are viewed as normally Scandinavian for example â€Å"nature, security and wellbeing, human qualities, rich straightforwardness, imaginative engineeringand the soul of snazzy/creative functionality†. For Volvo, this depiction not just mirrors the psycho-realistic profile of the perfect client for their vehicles, yet in addition sums up what Volvo as an organization intends to every one of its laborers its manager image. These are inherent qualities that Volvo laborers can identify with, what they have faith in and why they feel great creation a guarantee to their employments. One can without much of a stretch imagine the kinds of HR programs that would move a feeling of pride and re-uphold these intangibles for example nature, wellbeing, security and other significant human qualities. ‘Living the brand LIVING THE BRAND is relating to an associations brand an incentive to such a degree, that representatives practices fit precisely to the picture that the business is attempting to depict to its clients (Alan Price 2007). The arrangement between workers conduct and estimation of associations brand picture is significant. It is recommended that associations need to guarantee that there is no hole between what the association is stating in the outside world and what individuals accept inside the business. The representatives ought to be seen as Brand minister and brand promoting would possibly be effective on the off chance that they LIVE THE BRAND. From this point of view: Associations have urged workers to â€Å"buy in† to the business vision and qualities. They need to guarantee that everybody in the association obviously comprehend the motivation behind the basic arrangement of qualities. As indicated by Ind (2004), the subjects examined are probably going to bear some significance with HR and showcasing professionals just as those engaged with inner interchanges inside associations. Representatives themselves are required to disguise highlights and parts of the associations brand to guarantee that they become brand champions, in this way assisting with speaking to associations brand to the outside clients. Such a methodology promptly raises some intriguing issues identifying with fairness and decent variety as it anticipates that every representative should share a specific arrangement of qualities and act as per these qualities. The representative marking approach being suggested by Ind raises various difficulties for those intrigued by a balance and decent variety motivation. An association that expects to guarantee that workers are experiencing the brand will explicitly plan to draw in and enroll representatives who as of now share the estimations of the corporate brand. Besides, those effectively utilized inside the association will be urged to disguise the estimations of the association. Obviously, there are issues for empowering assorted variety here, with one of the standards of decent variety the executives being an acknowledgment and acknowledgment that individuals are extraordinary and singular contrasts (particularly of qualities) ought to be invited. Characteristically, a living the brand center is probably going to conflict with such a rule. Ind mentions that empowering representative recognizable proof and pledge to the associations brand esteems may preclude an articulation from claiming distin ction. Notwithstanding, Ind recommends that inside marking joined with permitting representatives to be engaged will empower opportunity with request. Forswearing of independence (clothing regulation arrangement) With regards to proficient picture, numerous businesses are understanding that Standards of dress and individual introduction are basic therefore having a strategy on clothing regulation can be significant. Where the representatives meet clients, they go about as the shop window for the organization and the advantages of adequate appea

A Stranger to My State Discovering Iowas Bill Bryson

A Stranger to My State Discovering Iowa’s Bill Bryson This is a guest post from Emily Polson. Emily is a writer, reader, and traveler from Iowa who has visited twenty-one countries and lived in three. Her first publication was an article in Muse magazine about her summer job as a corn detasseler. She’s a Slytherin, an amateur ukulele player, and a Peter Pan enthusiast. Twitter: @emilycpolson.  Blog:  emilycpolson.wordpress.com “I come from Des Moines. Somebody had to,” says Bill Bryson in The Life and Times of the Thunderbolt Kid. This is how I felt about being from suburban Iowa as an aspiring writer who had yet to discover Bryson’s work. I went to college in Mississippi, a state rich with literary heritage, but I couldn’t think of a single writer from my home state. To me, our only claim to fame was when Jack Kerouac famously stated in On the Road that “The prettiest girls in the world live in Des Moines.” Admittedly this minor quote is only famous in Des Moines, but point is Kerouac did write it. Marilynne Robinson’s Pulitzer Prize-winning Gilead takes place in Iowa, but this isn’t because the state can claim herâ€"she’s on loan from Idaho to the Iowa Writer’s Workshop. I always thought that perhaps Iowa tries to make up for its lack of personal literary heritage by hosting one of the nation’s most prestigious writing workshops. Kurt Vonnegut, Flannery O’Connor, and Raymond Carver all either studied or taughtâ€"or bothâ€"in the program, but none of its most notable alumni have been Iowa natives. At best, I thought, we are a state where genius passes through. I made a statement to that effect in one of the memoir essays I wrote for my senior creative writing project. My mother, ever my supporter, was quick to fact-check this claim. She introduced me to a book called A Walk in the Woods by Iowa native Bill Bryson. I devoured his funny narrative about hiking the Appalachian Trail, but I assumed he was a man of little fame, even if the book had been made into a movie starring Robert Redford. After graduating, I moved to northern Spain to teach English. I explained Iowa to all 440 of my teenage students as a place with a few small cities, lots of corn fields, and five pigs for every one person. A few weeks into the school year, I visited the library in the small town where I worked to scope out the English language book selection (scant) and borrow the second Harry Potter book in Spanish (well-loved). When I applied for my library card, the librarian looked up at me and asked in Spanish if I worked at the local school. I nodded, confirming what was written on my membership form. “And you are from Iowa?” This puzzled meâ€"I’d written my Spanish address, not my home addressâ€"but I said yes. The woman explained that her son, Gartzea, was in one of my classes. “He told me you were from Iowa because he knows I love the books of Bill Brysonâ€"he has a very funny one about growing up in Iowa.” I told her that I, too, liked Bill Bryson, though I hadn’t yet read that particular book. I was impressed with both her son’s memory and her knowledge of this literary niche, but I figured that it must be because she’s a librarian and thus her wide reading interests are a topic of household discussion. Months later, as I ran low on English reading material at the town library, I found a flash deal on Amazon for another Bill Bryson book, Notes from a Small Island. He spent twenty years in England and then wrote this book based on a trip he took throughout Britain just before moving back to the States with his family. I have several British friends and spent a semester in Northern Ireland, so I was intrigued and delighted to read this quirky episodic text. I joined a book club in the spring with a bunch of ladies from the British Council English Academy. I was the only American in the group, so when they asked what I’d read lately, I thought they might be intrigued to hear of a little book about a picaresque American gallivanting through their homeland. “Oh, Bill Bryson,” they all sighed. “He’s got quite a reputation in the UK.” This was quite a surprise to me, and even more so when they all named other Bryson books they had read. They mentioned Neither Here nor There: Travels in Europe, which he wrote about his time backpacking as a young adult. Later that year, when I took my own backpacking trip around Europe before heading back stateside, I spent one exhausted afternoon in the Cardiff Central Library reading about his visit to Amsterdam, where I had recently been, and Italy, where I was heading next. I know few Midwesterners who are driven to do the two things I am most passionate about, writing and traveling, but Bryson did both around the same age I was doing them, and I felt a strange camaraderie with being the eccentric exceptions of our shared hometown. When I returned home to my suburb of Des Moines, I found my mom’s copy of The Life and Times of the Thunderbolt Kid, Bryson’s memoir about growing up in Iowa’s capital in the 1950s. I expected a bunch of Iowa-specific references I could relate to, but aside from the mention of corn fields and our golden-domed capital, the Des Moines he describes is largely gone. The mom and pop restaurants shuttered, the neighborhoods redeveloped, and the Riverview amusement park closed. He acknowledges these changes at the end of the book, saying it’s a different place than where he grew up. My mom found another Bryson book for me at a Goodwill. It’s called I’m a Stranger Here Myself and is about his transition back to American culture after twenty years as an expatriate. I haven’t been gone that long, but now that I’m returning to a place from childhood after spending my late coming-of-age years away, the title at least suggests it’ll be a timely read. My overdue discovery of Iowa’s central claim to bookish fame proves I still have a lot to learn about this place, and that great writers can’t help where they’re born, but they can sure make the most of it. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

`` Subway Guy `` For Significant Weight Loss By Eating...

Jared Fogle was known as the â€Å"Subway Guy† for significant weight loss by eating Subway sandwiches. He shocks the public when he charged for possession of child pornography and having sex with a minor. Currently, Jared Fogle is serving 15 years in jail. Researchers have three main concerns regarding Fogle’s case: typologies of Fogle and his accomplice, etiology of Fogle’s sexual deviant behavior, and (Steinbuch, 2015)treatment plan. Law enforcement infers typologies of Fogle and his accomplice, Russell Taylor based on the case. In the typologies of cyber-sex offenders, Jared Fogle is a collector. Collectors are individuals who collect and trade pictures of children. They tend to search for children with specific characteristics such as gender and age (Terry, 2013) For example, Fogle stated his preference is â€Å"the younger the girl, the better.† (Briquelet, 2015) His victims’ ages are range from 6-year-old to 17-year-old. He is a secure collector. Secure collectors are members of close groups who engage high level of networking and have refined secured strategies to avoid detection. In other words, Jared Fogle used his advantage as a celebrity to gain power, access, and resources to do whatever he wants. For example, he used his program to help children with obesity and business trip to hide his arrangement to have sex with a minor. In addition, Russell Taylor is a manufacturer who produces and distributes child pornography to Fogle. Taylor secretly recorded children usingShow MoreRelatedCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 Pagesmany organisational settings; hence, their development today can serve you well in the future. Skills gained through use of the case analysis method The case analysis method is based on a philosophy that combines knowledge acquisition with significant involvement from students as active learners. In the words of Alfred North Whitehead, this philosophy ‘rejects the doctrine that students had first learned passively, and then, having learned should apply knowledge’.3 In contrast to this philosophyRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagessuccessor to earlier editions. I think this may even be my best book. The new Google and Starbucks cases should arouse keen student interest, and may even inspire another generation of entrepreneurs. A fair number of the older cases have faced significant changes in the last few years, for better or for worse, and these we have captured to add to learning insights. After so many years of investigating mistakes, and more recently successes also, it might seem a challenge to keep these new editions

National Response Pl An Effective Emergency Plan - 1321 Words

National Response Plan Howard L. Hayes Saint Leo University Abstract Why is it necessary for our country to have an effective emergency plan in place? Why does it matter how the country responds to emergencies when every part of our country, including cities and states, face emergency situations on a daily basis all over? Some are bad to worse, and some horrific to deadly. Well, this paper explains the importance of the National Response Plan and why it is necessary for our country to have it in place. It explores several articles that have been published to show the results on the effectiveness and response of the National Response Plan. The National Response Framework, previously called The National†¦show more content†¦The federal government passed several relief acts since 1803, but none consisted of an emergency response until Jimmy Carter put one in place in April 1, 1979, which was called FEMA. FEMA stands for Federal Emergency Management Agency. Their mission is to support the citizens and first responders to promote that as a nation we work together to build, sustain, and improve our capability to prepare for, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate all hazards. The federal government has provided ways to respond to emergencies to provide immediate safety, food and shelter, and ensure that the needs of the communities are met. Since established, FEMA has maintained their commitment to serving the country s people. Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act were signed into law on November 3, 1988 and amended the Disaster Relief Act of 1974. The system formed creat ed ways to trigger financial assistance in case the president declared an emergency through FEMA. FEMA adopted many Acts to form under them, including Homeland Security Act, Sandy Recovery, and the Katrina Recovery Act. Because of the limited threats and disasters at the time, the plan was enough to cover all threats that the country faced. However, the plan was not enough to ensure safety and assistance of the two major circumstances after the devastating hit of the terrorists’ attacks on September 11, 2001 and

Japan In The Wake Of World War Ii History Essay Free Essays

Embracing Defeat represents the really best of historical scholarship of Japan ‘s experience of licking and business at the terminal of the Second World War. Written by MIT Professor John W. Dower, this book shows the loanblend and contested character of the Occupation of Japan by the United States of America. We will write a custom essay sample on Japan In The Wake Of World War Ii History Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now More than merely sing the Occupation through the lens of the vanquisher ‘s strength, the greatest part of Embracing Defeat lies in the alternate position it offers of a complex post-war Nipponese society and the Nipponese people. As Dower competently puts, the period â€Å" through the eyes of the defeatedaˆÂ ¦ wretchedness, freak out cynicism and bitterness ‘ but besides ‘hope resiliency, vision and dreams ‘ ( pp. 24-25 ) in the embracing of licking. He delves into a scope of subjects from General Douglas MacArthur ‘s disposal, the Tokyo ‘s War Trial, Emperor Hirohito controversial function to the common people on the land such as cocottes, rise of Mafias running black markets, workers, administrative officials, political party members, detailing the mind from the most powerful elite to the common man at grassroots. Underliing these subjects, the book is written in a proseful postmodern narrative albeit critical structural analysis. The book can be divided into three chief parts. The first trades with the popular and subculture of the Japanese. Second portion trades with the political alteration enacted by the occupational elites, in controversy with the grassroots. Last the book trades with the Reconstruction of Japan ‘s economic system. Dower thoughtful and thorough inside informations of each portion means that each portion can be read on its ain. However, the weaving of the intercultural interactions between the vanquisher and conquered across the three parts makes the book Embracing Defeat greater the amount of its parts. The book starts against the background of societal and economic desperation. Embedded in the heads of many Nipponese is the ‘subcultures of licking ‘ . During the war, ordinary Nipponese people were prepared to give their lives for the emperor and for their fatherland. With the earth-shattering dropping of the atomic bomb, Nipponese society had been shaken to its foundations, and people had to reinvent their lives to believe of acquiring adequate nutrient to remain alive. This psychic prostration formed the societal cloth. Then, assorted subcultures sprang up from illegal trades of the cocottes and black sellers ‘ detonations of entrepreneurial energy and condemnable packs. Likewise, disillusioned authors and intellectuals embraced a civilization of hedonism. Together, they posed forceful challenges to the traditional societal and sexual order against the cavities of desperation and detecting new aspirations with unsure future individuality in front. However, a sens e of hope and release was what made it possible for most ordinary Nipponese to ’embrace licking ‘ . The 2nd portion of the book brings us to the more familiar terrains of business policies enacted by GHQ ( General Headquarters ) command held under SCAP ( Supreme Commander of Allied Powers ) General MacArthur and the receptiveness of the Nipponese people. Here, Dower presents a critical position of MacArthur and the American swayers ‘ cultural haughtiness against the locals. Much to the reverse of making a more classless society, the Americans ruled as masters and the relationship between them and the Japanese was one of hierarchal. They themselves constructed an ‘inviolate privileged caste ‘ ( p. 211 ) and MacArthur business projected a white supremacist ‘imbued with a sense of manifest fate ‘ ( pp. 211-212 ) with MacArthur governing with absolute authorization of a military absolutism and the Nipponese people its ‘subjects ‘ . While loaded with the liquors of democratisation and demilitarization, the Americans made contradictory picks from start, lending to the intrenchment of conservative powers such as the imperial establishment, one of the many paradoxes which run throughout the book. ‘The Occupation governments chose non to simply detach the emperor from this holy war, but to resituate him as the Centre of their new democracy ‘ ( p. 278 ) . MacArthur sees the Showa Emperor as a ‘force for good ‘ in continuing stableness and easing the undertaking of the occupying forces. Hirohito was protected from any unfavorable judgment and was absolved of any duty for the war in order to make a new ‘imperial democracy ‘ in Japan. However as Dower reveals, there was being of popular and even official sentiment in favour of force outing Hirohito, trialing him as a war felon and in some instances, of get rid ofing the monarchy. He was after all the manifestation of continuity of the war that the soldiers take orders from. It was the SCAP who stepped in to stamp down this climb force per unit area. In add-on, Dower points out that the war offenses tribunal was a travesty. The suspects were coached to remain off from any mention to the Emperor even though he held the de facto capacity of influence during the war and he was the chief adult male whom the suspects took orders from. Dower believes that this hindered the possibility of Japan ‘s future democratic development and this symbol continues to be a stumbling block in Japan ‘s dealingss with the remainder of Asia more than half a century after the terminal of the war. In screening the monarchy from prosecution and shriving Hirohito of duty for aggression, whilst keeping the bastion of peace and Jesus of the state, the US played a polar function in enshrining imperial democracy. Japan ‘s democratic fundamental law was crafted in secret within a hebdomad without audience with Nipponese governments. The footing as underlined by Dower was that MacArthur held the emperor as the caput of the province while war as a crowned head right was abolished and the feudal system will discontinue. Together with the no-war clause under Article 9, the US created the universe ‘s lone univocal peace fundamental law. Against the background of the Cold War events such as the triumph of the Chinese Communist Party in China and the eruption of the Korean War, the Nipponese people however in response to their ain agony during the Pacific war by and big embraced the dovish rules enshrined in the fundamental laws, contending the determination of the US to do Japa n as a subsidiary spouse when the former decided to rearm and reindustrialize Japan. On the other manus, there were right-wingers elements assailing on Article 9. Here, Dower adds rich inside informations to that reading about the diverseness of positions among the Japanese, an issue still in argument boulder clay today. For all the purposes and intents of the broad fundamental law with its enlargement of single freedoms, Dower agues â€Å" the vanquishers worked difficult to engineer consensus, and on many critical issues, they made it clear that the better portion of political wisdom was silence and conformity ‘ ( p. 440 ) . The bureaucratic-authoritarian nature of the authorities maintained rigorous censoring. Subjects refering the business itself could non be criticized. Nor could the atomic bombardment and even unfavorable judgment of the Soviet Union was banned. Labour work stoppages as mobilized by the Communist Party foremost gained strengths and shortly afterwards were banned by MacArthur in the name of economic recovery. Soon, the SCAP compiled a list of suspected Communists and began to collar the development, paralleling MacCarthyism ‘Red Scare ‘ dorsum in USA. However, the pretense continues between the workers and the bureaucratism. Dower therefore highlights the amen tia of democracy when freedom of look, a construct so cardinal to a working democracy is being curtailed. A minor to observe of the book ‘s failing is the deficiency of reference of the land reform plan even though it helped to make the political base for the Liberal Democratic Party for the coming 50 old ages. Land reform relied on the support and cooperation of 1000s of Nipponese and would suit into Dower larger strategy of things of ’embracing licking ‘ . This farther points to the book focuses mostly on urban metropoliss with small reference of the countryside Nipponese people. Still, it is apprehensible given the SCAP radiates its policies from Tokyo GHQ. In footings of methodological attack, Dower uses an array of English and Nipponese beginnings which includes kids ‘s games, sketchs, movies, constabulary records, letters, newspapers, popular vocals. His research into them is thorough and punctilious. In peculiar, he has made important usage of single testimony such as interviews at multiple societal and political degrees to convey out the pluralistic facet of history. Adding to his heartfelt composing manner, the ten-year-in-making has reached audience outside academic domain, winning the 1999 National Book Award, and the 2000 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction. Dower wise and examining summing up of certification and archival beginnings in Japan and the USA with his graphical authorship in highly traveling manner describes in elaborate history what it was like for an ordinary individual populating in Japan between 1945 and 1952. The book includes many redolent exposure and the screen of the first edition shows a group of Nipponese listening to their ‘divine sovereign ‘ for the first clip over the wireless on the resignation conveying forth the thought of desperation on the land. Dower aims to show the citizens ‘ mundane life and he has done so successfully. At the same clip, he does non pretermit to depict the institutionalization procedure led by the SCAP and bureaucratic elites in the Nipponese authorities. This well balanced building of history at higher and lower degrees of the society encapsulates the complex relationship between masters and vanquished, filled with contradictions, ambiguities and incompatibilities. How to cite Japan In The Wake Of World War Ii History Essay, Essay examples

American free essay sample

The original use of the term was in Body Ritual Among the Nacirema, which satirizes anthropological papers on other cultures, and the culture of the United States. Horace Miner wrote the paper and originally published it in the June 1956 edition of American Anthropologist. In the paper, Miner describes the Nacirema, a little-known tribe living in North America. The way in which he writes about the curious practices that this group performs distances readers from the fact that the North American group described actually corresponds to modern-day Americans of the mid-1950s. The article sometimes serves as a demonstration of a gestalt shift with relation to sociology. Miner presents the Nacirema as a group living in the territory between the Canadian Cree, the Yaqui and Tarahumare of Mexico, and the Carib and Arawak of the Antilles. The paper describes the typical Western ideal for oral cleanliness, as well as providing an outside view on hospital-care and on psychiatry. We will write a custom essay sample on American or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Miners article became a popular work, reprinted in many introductory anthropology and sociology textbooks. It is also given as an example of process analysis in The Bedford Reader, a literature textbook. The article itself received the most reprint permission requests of any article in American Anthropologist, but has become part of the public domain. Some of the popular aspects of Nacirema culture include: Medicine men and women (doctors, psychiatrists, and pharmacists), a charm-box (medicine cabinet), the mouth-rite ritual (brushing teeth), and a cultural hero known as Notgnihsaw (Washington spelled backwards). [edit]The Mysterious Fall of the Nacirema In 1972 Neil B. Thompson revisited the Nacirema after the fall of their civilization. Thompsons paper, unlike Miners, primarily offered a social commentary focused on environmental issues. Thompson paid special attention to the Elibomotua Cult and their efforts to modify the environment. The high esteem of the cult is demonstrated by the fact that near every population center, when not disturbed by the accumulation of debris, archeologists have found large and orderly collections of the Elibomotua Cult symbol. The vast number of these collections has given us the opportunity to reconstruct with considerable confidence the principal ideas of the cult. The newest symbols seem to have nearly approached the ultimate of the Naciremas cultural ideal. Their colors, material, and size suggest an enclosed mobile device that corresponds to no color or shape found in nature, although some authorities suggest that, at some early time in the development, the egg may have been the model. The device was provided with its own climate control system as well as a system that screened out many of the shorter rays of the light spectrum. This article is reprinted and appears as the final chapter in an anthology called Nacirema: Readings on American Culture. The volume contains an array of scholarly investigations into American social anthropology as well as one more article in the Nacirema series, by Willard Walker of Wesleyan University: (American Anthropologist, Volume 72, Issue 1, pages 102–105, February 1970) The Retention of Folk Linguistic Concepts and the TIYCIR Caste in Contemporary Nacireman Culture. This article laments the corrosive and subjugating ritual of attending sguwlz.

Prepare for takeoff...and a quick landing free essay sample

I sit down in seat 17A, right above the wing of the plane and look around. There are hundreds of people that I do not know, nor will ever get a chance to know. The airplane hums to life as the engine begins to push the 2000 pound mass down the runway. The plane accelerates speed as it is lifted into the sky, leaving the familiar ground and entering into the unfamiliar, open sky. During the flight I interact casually with the steward or stewardess, but never personally. Occasionally, I sit next to a person that I can relate to and connect with, talking to them practically the entire time we are in the air, surprised and slightly sad when hearing the pilot’s voice come from the intercom, telling everyone to â€Å"Put your tray tables up and your seat in the upright position for landing,† indicating a near end to the conversation so thoroughly enjoyed. We will write a custom essay sample on Prepare for takeoffand a quick landing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the flight is over, you’re forced to go separate ways, but will remember that person making some sort of impact on your life, whether it b a small or large one, making your journey memorable. Throughout our lives, we go through a variety of change. Sometimes we are forced to transition from the familiar to the unknown, but there will always be people who impact our lives wherever we go. When I decided to go to ASU, I knew that I would not know anyone once I left Tennessee for Arizona, and that I’d have to start my life from scratch once more. The only thing I was familiar with was the fact that I was transitioning from the familiar, to the unfamiliar. I’ve meet hundreds of people in my life; I keep in touch with some, but many become a blur of faces, blending in with the rest of the people that I meet. Making close friends is difficult when you constantly and unexpectedly have to move, something I was accustomed to growing up as an army brat. However, there are a few people that have been etched into my memory, making a permanent impact. Many of my friendships would take off, but would come to an end with promises of â€Å"keeping in touch,† slowly d escending after one of us moved away and the status of being â€Å"best friends† would end, disappearing as we disappeared from each other’s lives. My best friend lives in Tennessee, and before I left for college, I had to say goodbye to her. It was a hard thought knowing that after spending practically every day with her for the past year and a half, we would have to go without seeing each other for months at a time. I was worried that such a great friendship would end, just like the many others I had been a part of. Seven and a half months later, we still talk every day. We are still able to relate to each other and each other’s lives despite not having seen each other for such a long time. Unlike the many other friendships that had a small impact on me, this friendship has and has had a large one. Our friendship has yet to descend, the captain’s voice still unheard from the speakers telling the passengers to, â€Å"Put your tray tables up and your seat in the upright position for landing,† signaling the end of a long journey, but I doubt that will ever happen.

Essay Essays

Essay Essays Essay Essay Essay Essay 22SOCIALSTRATIFICATIONHAROLDR. KERBOCalifornia Polytechnic State University, San Luis ObispoSince the earliest-known writings on the nature ofhuman societies, there has been recognition thatsocial stratification is a central part of all humanorganization (Lenski 1966). In hisPolitics,in 350 BCE,Aristotle wrote of the natural ranking of free people andslaves. More recently, during the Age of Enlightenment,philosophers such as Locke, Rousseau, and Montesquieuwrote of the feudal system of social stratification and itsinequities (Zeitlin 1968; Strasser 1976). By the mid-1800s,the classic sociological theorists such as Marx, Durkheim,and Weber began more systematic analyses of system ofsocial stratification using concepts that remain with us tothis day.From the root wordstrata,we can recognize that socialstratification refers to a ranking of people or groups ofpeople within a society. But the term was defined by theearliest sociologists as something more than the almostuniversal inequalit ies that exist in all but the least complexof societies.Social stratificationrefers to a system withrather predictable rules behind the ranking of individualsand groups, which theories of social stratification aremeant to uncover and understand. The existence of asystem of social stratification also implies some form oflegitimation of the ranking of people and the unequal dis-tribution of valued goods, services, and prestige. Withoutbelief systems justifying the inequality and unequal rank-ing, it is unlikely that a stratification system would remainstable over time. Beyond agreement on a definition ofsocial stratification, however, the classic sociological theo-rists agreed on little else. From this classic period of soci-ology, we have, in fact, a triple legacy of socialstratification theories from the works of Karl Marx, EmileDurkheim, and Max Weber.More than anyone, it was Karl Marx Essay Essays Essay Essay Essay Essay It was nice Sunday night, I was having lunch with my girlfriend and we were deciding on what to do, I had mentioned to her that we I had to attend a live music performance in order to do my midterm paper. So we went home to check if there were any musical artists playing that day and sure enough there was a show at FitzGeralds night club at 6:00pm, Chicago Grandstand Big Band was going to be playing. We had no idea who that was but we made our way to Berwyn because it was quite a long drive and we got their just on time. It was quite a wonderful experience because neither of us had ever attended an event with a live musical group. Both of us were used to seeing Mexican bands at special family occasions but this was definitely different. I was taking notes throughout the performance because I knew I was going to forget all that I saw and heard that night.Besides attending the show, I also did some research about the band. I did not find much but they are well known in our area. Chicag o Grandstand Big Band has been an integral part of Chicagos entertainment community for over 30 years. They have performed all over the Chicagoland area, including Joe Segals Jazz Showcase, FitzGeralds, Joes Be-Bop Cafe, Grant Park Summer Dance, and numerous street fairs. They performed at the 25th anniversary of the Sears Tower. This band has been featured on WTTWs Wild Chicago and for many years, CGBB was the featured band at OHare Marriotts New Years Eve Ball. Members of the group have performed with the Count Basie, Maynard Ferguson, Tommy Dorsey, Les Elgart and Duke Ellington orchestras.This band has an extensive selection of arrangements that encompass’ everything from the Swing Era (Benny Goodman, Glen Miller, Artie Shaw, etc) to Big Band Jazz (Count Basie, Stan Kenton, Duke Ellington, Woody Herman etc.). Vocals include great standards such as When I Fall In Love, Orange Colored Sky, and It Had To Be You. The featured vocalist is Julie Ann Caselli, whose essay Essays essay Essay essay Essay essay BY slik5x Michael Foster 12/2/13 Parents Spying On Their Children In the article The Undercover Parent , written by Harlan Coben, Cobens arguement is about whether parents should use spyware on their childrens computers or to not use spyware because it show you have no respect for your children. I agree with Coben that parents should use spyware as preservation for their children on the worldwide web; resons such as responsibily protecting you hildren, worrying about their future, and concerning the dangers of the internet. Parents and adults should be able to spy on their children. An example for this is that parents have to conduct someway of beng responsibly protective. To support the more parents know what there children do the easier there life would be. Another way to support this example is what is that if parents dont t protect their children in any way it can lead toward dangerous consequenses. Therefore the future f your children and teens will be at risk. An example is when adults dont interact with their children and regret the troubles that they cause as Juviniles. To support the example it has been confirmed that many children who are independent, alone, and abandoned end up in either solitary confinement or homeless wiith nobody to support them in life. Another way to support the example is that most often teens who interact with other teens are tempted to follow and be the same as the other to fit in. Other than responsibility and worrying about their future parents should concern the dangers of the internet. An example for dngers of the internet would be strangers on the internet knowing your personal information. Another way to support this would be the unknown things that the stranger would do or commit. In conclusion, I agree with the arguement on monitoring your children on the internet and what they do. The spyware can act as a preservation when used in computers and can protect your children.

Environmental Scan Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Environmental Scan - Research Paper Example It is headquartered in US and it has various subsidiaries across the world. On the other hand, Safaricom is a telecommunication service company that is headquartered in Kenya. It offers its services in mobile service, data and internet to its mobile subscribers. The company has the highest number of subscribers in the area. It is not a multinational company. Both companies have a competitive edge over their rival companies. According to Singh (2012), competitive edge refers to an advantage that a company has over its rival company (p. 19). This advantage arises through various ways including, offering services of high value by either providing services that are of higher benefits or by means or lowering the price of the products, using marketing strategies and many other ways that justifies higher prices (Wheelen & Hunger, 2010, p. 28). Competitive advantage allows a company to earn high returns on its investments above the cost of investment (Wheelen & Hunger, 2010, p. 28). Therefore, a competitive edge should not only project better performance when compared to competitors but should endeavor to provide genuine value to the customers to ensure that they remain dominant in the market. Dell’s competitive advantage is in its range of products that it offers. It offers wide range of products that are highly needed by the customers. Its products are of high quality. Furthermore, it has already established a brand in the market and this makes it have a competitive advantage. Furthermore, it engages in wide range of advertising and marketing strategies that have enabled it to reach out to many potential customers across the world. Its strategies include, ensuring that, they produce goods that match the needs of the clients. They also ensure that their products are distributed to the clients the moment they are ordered. This has made the company to remain competitive. On the other hand,

Steady-State Economics and Environmental Philosophy Research Paper

Steady-State Economics and Environmental Philosophy - Research Paper Example According to an article â€Å"CASSE proposes the establishment of a steady state economy with stabilized population and per capita consumption.† (U.S. Fed News Service) To begin let’s examine the significance the environment has on a state’s economy. Why is it important that the two thrive together to produce a stabilized economy, The environment and the economy rarely have traveled together on the same path. Gains in the economy come at the sacrifice of the environment. Protection of our natural resources hamstrings business development. Or so the argument goes. But what if by protecting special lands, cleaning up environmental problems and growing responsibly, we actually increase jobs, stop the population migration, and revitalize our communities? (DiBerardinis) According to an article published for Environmental Law the state of the environment plays a very significant role in the advancement or the downslide of the economy, The warning of "global environment al crisis" is being sounded more and more frequently by scientists, politicians, and other observers. The doomsday predictors of the 1960s, like ecologists Paul Ehrlich(1) and Rachel Carson,(2) have been joined by an ever-growing chorus of doomsayers in the 1990s.(3) Rachel Carson's concerns regarding pesticides were prominent in the early 1960s; today, concerns about the potential myriad of ecological effects from global warming predominate. Loss of biodiversity from habitat destruction, pollution, and other threats is also a major present concern.(4) The proliferation of environmental alarms has, as expected, been accompanied by claims of critics that the alarms are overstated.(5) Besides denying the existence or magnitude of environmental threats, these critics question the priorities of the leading environmental advocates and their focus on government regulation, rather than the market, to address those priorities.(6) Underlying the debate over whether humans' demands on the Ear th have exceeded its ecological carrying capacity is a debate over the propriety of economic growth, the primary goal for rich and poor countries and for most international institutions.(7) The doomsayers generally see humans' unbridled pursuit of economic growth as a major root of all or most environmental evils; their critics generally see growth as providing a solution to environmental problems.(8) While this debate has continued, there has been increasing consensus behind the concept of "sustainable development," which became a global future through its adoption by the United Nations-sponsored Brundtland Commission in a 1987 report entitled Our Common Future.(9) That report defined sustainable development vaguely as development that "meet[s] the needs and aspirations of the present without compromising the ability to meet those of the future."(10) Although that concept has helped raise the prominence of environmental protection on national and global policy agendas, it has not u nseated economic growth as the primary public policy objective. (Wenig) The impact of the environment is crucial to the survival of a state’s economy. There are many ways to help ensure the environment’s safety. There are organizations that rise up to protect natural habitat from extinction. There are organi

The Photoelectric Effect

The Photoelectric Effect Assessment Task Topic: The Photoelectric Effect 1. Introduction The photoelectric effect is the name given to the phenomenon whereby electrons are emitted from a metal when exposed to electromagnetic radiation of the appropriate frequency. It was first discovered by Heinrich Hertz in 1887, but remained a conundrum to many scientists who sought to explain it, as it clearly contradicted the accepted principles of classical physics such as James Clerk Maxwells Theory of Electromagnetic Waves. This phenomenon, unable to be explained by the wave model of light, was finally explained by Albert Einstein in 1905 with the inception of his Quantum Theory, a concept that would completely revolutionise scientific thought. The photoelectric effect has played and continues to play an important role in mankinds scientific development. 2. Discovery of the Photoelectric Effect: Hertz The original observation of the photoelectric effect can be traced back to the German scientist Heinrich Hertz. In 1887, in an attempt to generate and detect electromagnetic radiation, Hertz created a rapidly-oscillating electric field with a high voltage induction coil to cause a spark discharge between two spherical brass electrodes. He observed that when a small length of copper wire with brass spheres attached on either end was bent into a loop, leaving a small gap between the spheres, and held near the sparking induction coil, a spark would jump across the gap at the same time when the brass electrodes in the induction loop sparked. This induced spark occurred despite the copper loop not being connected to any electrical current source. Thus Hertz came to the conclusion that the copper loop was a detector of the electromagnetic waves propagated by the transmitting loop. This successful experiment was followed up by a series of others, through which Hertz demonstrated that these electromagnetic waves could be reflected from a metal mirror, and refracted as they passed through a prism made from pitch, thus proving that these waves behaved similarly to light waves. He also proved these waves were polarised. Through the course of his investigations, he discovered a mysterious phenomenon: I occasionally enclosed the spark B[the detector spark]in a dark case so as to more easily make the observations; and in so doing I observed that the maximum spark-length became decidedly smaller in the case than it was before. On removing in succession the various parts of the case, it was seen that the only portion of it which exercised this prejudicial effect was that which screened the spark B from the spark A[the transmitter spark]. The partition on that side exhibited this effect, not only when it was in the immediate neighbourhood of the spark B, but also when it was interposed at greater distances from B between A and B. A phenomenon so remarkable called for closer investigation. Upon shielding the detecting loop with glass, the intensity of the spark produced was reduced. However, when a quartz shield (a substance that allows UV rays to pass) was applied, there was no drop in the spark intensity. He then used a quartz prism to separate the light from the transmitter spark into its various components, discovering that the wavelength which made the detector spark more powerful was in the ultraviolet range. Unable to explain this phenomenon, Hertz concluded his series of investigations in 1887, declaring that: †¦ I confine myself at present to communicating the results obtained, without attempting any theory respecting the manner in which the observed phenomena are brought about. 3. Further Investigations: Hallwachs, Thomson, von Lenard After learning of Hertzs experiments, another German scientist, Wilhelm Hallwachs, devised a much simpler investigation to demonstrate the photoelectric effect. In his own words: In a recent publication Hertz has described investigations on the dependence of the maximum length of an induction spark on the radiation received by it from another induction spark. He proved that the phenomenon observed is an action of the ultraviolet light. No further light on the nature of the phenomenon could be obtained, because of the complicated conditions of the research in which it appeared. I have endeavored to obtain related phenomena which would occur under simpler conditions, in order to make the explanation of the phenomena easier. Success was obtained by investigating the action of the electric light on electrically charged bodies. By placing a zinc plate atop an insulating stand and wiring it to a negatively-charged gold leaf electroscope, he observed a slow loss of charge from the electroscope. However, when he exposed the zinc plate to ultraviolet light from an arc lamp or from burning magnesium, the discharge occurred much quicker. Conversely, a positively-charged electroscope resulted in no fast leakage of charge. In 1899, British scientist J.J. Thomson finally identified that the light caused the metal surface to emit electrons. He enclosed the metal in an evacuated tube before exposing it to radiation, showing the electrons to be the same particles emitted in cathode ray tubes. Three years later, German physicist Philipp von Lenard, who had worked with Hertz earlier in Bonn, conducted a series of experiments in which he used a bright carbon arc light to examine how the energy of the emitted electrons varied with the lights intensity (see Figure 2). By using a vacuum tube, he showed that when electrons emitted by the metal plate upon exposure to light hit another plate, the collector, a small measurable current was produced. By charging the collector negatively so as to repel the electrons, von Lenard discovered that a minimum voltage existed, Vstop, so that only electrons with a certain energy threshold could reach the collector and thus generate a current. He found that while increasing light intensity caused more electrons to be emitted (as can be gathered from an observed increase in current), it did not affect the amount of energy carried by each electron, as the stopping voltage was constant. On the other hand, increasing the frequency of the light led to an augmentation in the electrons kinetic energy, thus finding that for a particular frequency of light, the kinetic energy of the electrons remained constant. Von Lenard also showed that if the frequency was lowered beyond a certain threshold, no current was produced, regardless of the intensity of the light. However, like the scientists preceding him, he was unable to account for these phenomena. 4. Inadequacy of Classical Physics Explanations The phenomenon observed during the photoelectric effect was in contradiction to classical theory explanations such as Maxwells Theory of Electromagnetic Waves which was then commonly accepted by scientists. According to such rules of classical physics, for an electron to gain enough energy to be liberated from the metal, the metal surface would have to be exposed to the light waves for a period of time. However, as observed in experiments of the photoelectric effect, the electrons were freed instantly. The Wave Theory maintains that increasing the intensity of a beam of light also increases the amplitude of the oscillating electric field vector E, thus the amount of electrons emitted should be proportional to the intensity of the light. However, according to the observations made, the current flow was independent of light intensity, yet varied according to the frequency of the light, and was non-existent when the frequency decreased beyond a certain level, regardless of the intensity. Von Lenards experiment confirmed the existence of a threshold frequency in the photoelectric effect, another phenomenon unable to be explained with a classical physics approach. Thus the belief in light being completely wavelike in nature was incompatible with the experimental observations of the photoelectric effect. 5. Black Body Radiation and Plancks Hypothesis A black body cavity can be defined as a perfect cavity that absorbs all radiation that falls onto it and then perfectly radiates all energy absorbed until it is at equilibrium with its surroundings. The intensity of various wavelengths emitted by the black body changes according to its temperature, forming black body radiation curves (see diagram on right). Experimental data showed that the intensity of radiation emitted increased with decreasing wavelength, until a definite peak is reached, after which lower wavelengths of radiation are emitted at lower intensities. Yet, according to the classical wave theory of light, as the wavelength of the radiation emitted shortened, the intensity should increase, thus as the wavelength tends to zero, intensity would approach infinity. However, this would be a gross violation of the principle of conservation of energy. Hence it remained an inexplicable conundrum for scientists for a long time, who gave this effect the name ultraviolet catastrophe. In 1900, German scientist Max Planck came up with a revolutionary explanation for this phenomenon. He made the assumption that the radiant energy may be treated statistically not as continuous waves but rather as discrete packets of energy, each of which he called a quantum. Based on this radical assumption of light as particles, he formulated a mathematical equation by which this phenomenon could be exemplified. He proposed this relation that calculated the energy of a quantum for radiation of a certain frequency: E= hf,Ebeing the energy in joules, fthe frequency in Hertz, and ha small constant (6.626 x 10-34Js) now known as Plancks constant. Figure 4 is a graph of experimental results that confirms Plancks equation, with the gradient corresponding to h. He proposed that any quanta of a particular frequency (and thus wavelength) would carry the same amount of energy. However, he did not attribute any physical significance to this postulation, merely perceiving it as a mathematical t rick by which the corresponding answer could be obtained. 6. Quantum Theory: Einsteins Explanation Due to the inadequacies of classical physics in explaining the photoelectric effect, in 1905 Albert Einstein further developed upon Plancks hypothesis to come up with a new ground-breaking theory to explain the photoelectric effect. He proposed that light was made up not of continuous waves but rather of discrete bundles of energy which he termed photons. He wrote in the renowned journal Annalen der Physik: It seems to me that the observations on black-body radiation, photoluminescence, the production of cathode rays by ultraviolet light and other phenomena involving the emission or conversion of light can be better understood on the assumption that the energy of light is distributed discontinuously in space. According to the assumption considered here, when a light ray starting from a point is propagated, the energy is not continuously distributed over an ever increasing volume, but it consists of a finite number of energy quanta, localised in space, which move without being divided and which can be absorbed or emitted only as a whole. Einstein used Plancks equation that each photon had an energy E=hf, and proposed that light intensity was proportional to the number of photons. The higher the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation, the greater the energy carried by its photons. Einstein provided a comprehensive explanation for the photoelectric effect. When an electron is liberated from the metal surface, the energy in the light photons must be great enough to overcome the forces that bind the electrons to the surface. This minimum energy required to liberate an electron from a metal surface is known as the work function, represented by the symbol  ¢, and is dependent solely on the material of the metal. The corresponding minimum frequency required for the photons to contain the required energy is called the threshold frequency (f0). If the energy of the photon is greater than the work function of the metal (i.e. E> hf0), than the difference in their energy levels will provide the kinetic energy for the photoelectrons (electrons released from interaction with a photon), allowing them to travel and thus generate an electric current. Einsteins quantum theory explains the existence of a threshold frequency for the light below which no electrons would be emitted from the metal, an experimental observation that had puzzled scientists up to that time. Einstein established that when different metal surfaces are illuminated with monochromatic light, photoelectrons are emitted by the metal surface. The magnitude of the forces by which electrons are held varies with different metals. Thus the work functions of each different metal are also varied. Below is a table of the work functions of various metals. Figure 6:Work Functions for Various Metals Source: Nave, CR. HyperPhysics: Photoelectric Effect According to Einsteins theory a single photon collides with an electron in the metal, transferring all its energy to the electron, thus liberating the (photoelectron from the metal surface. This concept successfully explained the instantaneity of the electron emission upon light exposure, another phenomenon that classical wave theory was unable to account for. In Einsteins own words, According to the idea that the incident light consists of energy quanta†¦ one can picture the production of cathode rays by light as follows. Energy quanta penetrate into a surface layer of the body, and their energy is at least partly transformed into electron kinetic energy. The simplest picture is that a light quantum transfers all of its energy to a single electron; we shall assume that that happens. We must, however, not exclude the possibility that electrons only receive part of the energy from light quanta. An electron obtaining kinetic energy inside the body will have lost part of its kinetic energy when it has reached the surface. Moreover, we must assume that each electron on leaving the body must produce work P, which is characteristic for the body. Electrons which are excited at the surface and at right angles to it will leave the body with the greatest normal velocity. Einstein formulated an equation, known as Einsteins Photoelectric Equation, to provide a quantitative explanation for the photoelectric effect: E= hf=  ¢+ Ek with Ebeing the energy of the photon (thus E= hffrom Plancks hypothesis), ¢the work function of the particular metal ( ¢= hf0), and Ekthe photoelectrons kinetic energy (in Joules or electron volts). Einsteins theory also explains the stopping voltage in the photoelectric effect, which von Lenard had discovered earlier. This voltage is a good measure of the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons. It can be demonstrated (see figure 7) by introducing a variable electric potential difference to make the anode negative, thus generating a repelling force against the photoelectrons emitted from the cathode. As this opposing voltage is increased, it will arrive at a point where there is no current flowing in the external circuit as the photoelectrons kinetic energy is not enough to overcome the voltage. This stopping potential equals the maximum kinetic energy of the electrons at the cathode, as it is just enough to stop any electron from reaching the anode. Thus EK max= -qV0, where EK maxis the maximum kinetic energy of the electron in joules, V0the magnitude of the stopping potential in volts, and q the charge of the electron (-1.60 x 10-19C). As the unit of the joule is too large to be used effectively for atomic systems, the electron volt (eV) is employed instead, with 1 eV = 1.60 x 10-19J. Thus the maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron can be experimentally obtained from the stopping voltage. Radiation with higher frequencies will result in higher stopping voltages, and vice versa. With his theory of the quantisation of light, Einstein was able to derive Plancks formula and account directly for such hitherto inexplicable phenomena as the photoelectric effect and black-body radiation. His work overturned the previously accepted, but now proven flawed, wave theory of light, heralding a new era with the concept of wave-particle duality, in which light can be seen both as waves and as particles (quanta). It was for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect that Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. Another notable scientist, the American Robert Millikan, expressed grave doubts about Einsteins quantum theory and set out to experimentally prove him wrong. However, after a decade of thorough scientific investigations, Millikans results confirmed Einsteins theory in every aspect. He was even able to measure Plancks constant to within 0.5% accuracy. These travails earned Millikan the Nobel Prize in 1923 and further validated Einsteins quantum theory in explaining the photoelectric effect. 7. Practical Applications of the Photoelectric Effect The principle of the photoelectric effect is utilised in many domains. One significant application of the photoelectric effect is the solar cell. This is a device that converts electromagnetic radiation from sunlight into electrical energy. It is generally made up of a series of metallic plates facing the sun, emitting photoelectrons when struck by sunlight. These electrons then flow through an external circuit, thus generating electrical power. Another practical application is the photomultiplier tube (PMT). When light is shone onto a photosensitive cathode, electrons are emitted, and subsequently accelerated towards a second cathode. This produces more electrons, and is repeated for a number of cathodes, resulting in the multiplication of the number of electrons initially emitted by a factor of a million, to be detected as a current pulse at the final electrode. Thus PMTs are extremely sensitive light detectors, used in scientific applications that require high levels of accuracy, such as emission spectroscopy experiments. Phototubes also operate on the principle of the photoelectric effect. The electrical characteristics of these devices are dependent on the light that they are exposed to. Thus the current produced from a phototube may be used to operate sensor-based appliances such as automatic doors, sensor taps, alarm systems and light-activated counters. 8. Conclusion The photoelectric effect has undeniably played a significant role in the development of modern physics ever since its discovery. It has revolutionised mankinds understanding of the nature of light, its wave-particle duality. It was in the pursuit of an explanation for this phenomenon that Einstein made what was an important great leap forward in the world of science 3/4his conception of quantum theory. In fact the photoelectric effect and the problem of the ultraviolet catastrophe in black-body radiation formed the two experimental foundations upon which quantum theory was built. Thus the experiments conducted on the photoelectric effect can be considered among the most significant in the history of physics. Three distinguished physicists received the Nobel Prize in part for their work on the photoelectric effect: Max Planck in 1918, Albert Einstein in 1921 and Robert Millikan in 1923. The observations of the photoelectric effect and its subsequent explanations by Einstein can be regarded as directly responsible for the birth of modern physics. Appendix:A Timeline of the Photoelectric Effect Bibliography Andriessen, M et al. Physics 2: HSC Course2nded. Sydney: John Wiley Sons Australia; 2003. Burns, RW. Communications: An International History of the Formative Years. London: Institution of Electrical Engineers; 2003. Cassidy, D. [Internet]. Einstein on the Photoelectric Effect.[cited 2ndJuly 2008]. Available from http://www.aip.org/history/einstein/essay-photoelectric.htm Fowler, M. [Internet]. The Photoelectric Effect.1997. [cited 2ndJuly 2008]. Available from http://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/classes/252/photoelectric_effect.html Institute of Physics.[Internet].Did you know†¦ Photoelectric Effect.2007. [cited 2ndJuly 2008]. Available from http://www.einsteinyear.org/facts/photoelectric_effect/ Lukefahr, H Hannah J. [Internet]. Photo Electric Effect.[cited 2ndJuly 2008]. Available from http://www.eequalsmcsquared.auckland.ac.nz/sites/emc2/tl/pee/overview.cfm McGraw-Hill Higher Education. [Internet]. Millikan Oil Drop.2005. [cited 3rdJuly 2008]. Available from http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::100%::100%::/sites/dl/free/ 0072512644/117354/02_Millikan_Oil_Drop.swf::Milikan%20Oil%20Drop MIT OpenCourseWare. [Internet]. The Demise of Classical Physics.[cited 4thJuly 2008]. Available from http://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Chemistry/5-61Fall-2004/EBB0651F-6B5D-4333-83CE-8FB1E0863860/0/5_61_l03_f04.pdf Nave, CR. [Internet]. Blackbody Radiation.[cited 4thJuly 2008]. Available from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod6.html Nave, CR. [Internet]. Wave-Particle Duality and Photoelectric Effect.[cited 2ndJuly 2008]. Available from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod1.html Ng, A. HSC Study Package 2007: Physics.Sydney; 2008. Schombert, J. [Internet]. Photoelectric Effect.[cited 2ndJuly 2008]. Available from http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/photoelectric_effect.html Ter Haar, D. The Old Quantum Theory. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1967. [Online version cited 4thJuly 2008]. Available from http://lorentz.phl.jhu.edu/AnnusMirabilis/AeReserveArticles/eins_lq.pdf Trapp, D. [Internet]. Electrons from Bright Light: the Photoelectric Effect.. [modified 19thJan 2007; cited 3rdJuly 2008]. Available from http://homepage.mac.com/dtrapp/ePhysics.f/labV_7.html University of Winnipeg. [Internet]. The Photoelectric Effect.[modified 10thSeptember 1997; cited 2ndJuly 2008]. Available from http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/physics/quant/node3.html Vallance, C. [Internet]. The Photoelectric Effect.[cited 3rdJuly 2008]. Available from http://physchem.ox.ac.uk/~vallance/pdfs/PhotoelectricEffect.pdf Yuly, ME. [Internet]. Photoelectric Effect. [cited 8thJuly 2008]. Available from http://campus.houghton.edu/webs/employees/myuly/Courses/phys275/Labs/photoelectric.pdf

Lois Lowrys The Giver Should Not be Censored Essay -- Lois Lowry Give

Lois Lowry's The Giver Should Not be Censored      Ã‚  Ã‚   Parents in modern society routinely attempt to shield their children from what they view as evils of the world. Adults censor television they watch, conversations they have, and books they read. In so doing, parents feel that they are guarding their children from knowledge that they may not be emotionally capable of handling. However, it also is imperative in the highly competitive atmosphere of modern society for youth to become prepared for the pressures of adulthood. Ironically, the dangerous knowledge parents believe they are hiding from their children inevitably is learned through exposure. In the domain of literature, a parent may feel that a particular book attracts attention to inappropriate or taboo issues, neglecting the positive aspects of that same work. This is the situation that has developed with Lois Lowry's The Giver, a book opposed by parents across the nation. Throughout the novel, despite challenges that have emerged based in her use of e uphemistic expressions for euthanasia within a utopian society, the author nonetheless demonstrates the importance of experiential learning and the valuable lessons to be learned by working through the negative aspects of life.    Parents have raised protest against The Giver because it references euthanasia; a concept many believe corrupts youthful readers' minds and values. Indeed, the author initially does minimize the significance of mercy killing by euphemistically denoting it as, "release" (139). However, when Jonas learns the true definition of this term, he grows determined to awaken the community to what it is condoning. He realizes that the process of release is a "feeling of terri... ...ustrates the significance of developing and experiencing a balanced perspective on life. However, this parental challenge misunderstands that euphemism is used as a literary device to actually convey the horror of infanticide. Lowery further conveys the poverty of emotional experience that emerges when words are used superficially and without meaning. The Giver further demonstrates through the development of the protagonist, Jonas, that it is necessary to experience the negative aspects of life in order to enjoy the good life has to offer. It reveals that the price paid for the illusion of safety in a utopian environment is the demoralization of life and its endless possibilities, or, as more euphemistically referred to in today's society, no pain, no gain. Work Cited: Lowry, L.   The Giver. New York, NY: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, 1993.

Danone Governance Structure Essay

Board of Directors terdiri dari 14 anggota, dengan delapan diantaranya merupakan anggota independen yang dipilih melalui rekomendasi dari Nomination and Compensation Committee. Di dalam Board of Directors termasuk diantaranya Audit Committee, Social Responsibility Committee, dan Nomination and Compensation Committee. Anggota dari Board of Directors per Mei 2012, adalah: †¢Franck Riboud Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Danone †¢Emmanuel Faber Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors and Deputy General Manager †¢Bernard Hours Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors and Deputy General Manager of Danone †¢Bruno Bonnell Chairman of Sorobot SAS †¢Richard Goblet d’Alviella Executive Chairman of Sofina SA †¢Yoshihiro Kawabata Senior Managing Director and Head of International Business Division of Yakult Honsha Co. , Ltd. †¢Jean Laurent Chairman of the Board of Directors of Fonciere des Regions †¢Benoit Potier Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of L’Air Liquide SA †¢Isabelle Seillier Chairman of J. P. Morgan for France †¢Jean-Michel Severino Managing Partner, â€Å"Investisseur and Partenaire Conseil† †¢Jacques Vincent Chairman of Compassionart †¢Jacques-Antoine Granjon Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of vente-privee. com †¢Mouna Sepehri Member of the Executive Committee, Executive Vice-President of RENAULT SAS †¢Virginia A. Stallings Professor of Pediatrics at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Secara umum, kami berpendapat bahwa Struktur Corporate Governance dari Danone adalah di bawah rata-rata. Posisi chairman dan CEO telah dijabat oleh Franck Riboud sejak 1996, dan struktur tersebut memberikan kekuatan yang terlalu besar bagi seorang individu. Lima director telah menjabat di Board of Directors selama kurang lebih 12 tahun. Menurut kami, posisi yang hampir permanen dari CEO dan beberapa director dapat menyebabkan hubungan yang nyaman antara mereka dan dapat berakibat pada hilangnya fungsi professional dari board. Misalnya, pada penentuan besaran kompensasi bagi para director sebesar 30% dari nilai saham. Hal tersebut dapat menjadi salah satu pertimbangan dari potential shareholders untuk mengurungkan niatnya menginvestasikan dananya ke Danone.

A Report On The Data - 2636 Words

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